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| Arup Roy, Lecturer in English Language & Literature, Kanchkura University College |
DISCUSSION
The flow chart belongs to section two of your question paper. This section holds out two categories. But you will answer either a matching table or a flow chart.Dealing with a flow chart requires some rules. First of all, students are advised to avoid any kind of elaborate answer. Secondly, in maximum cases, complete sentences are avoided and students are advised to write their answers in phrases, be it noun phrase or verb phrase or gerundial phrase or any other form of phrase. It is better to follow the type of phrase you will come across in the question paper. However, in this regard, we have flexibility. We can use any type of phrase if we can maintain the flow in a better way. We can make phrases in the following ways:
Ø to + base form of verb + extension
Ø verb + ing + extension
Ø Preposition + verb + ing
Ø being + extension (‘being’ replaces
am, is, are and followed by extension)
Ø having + extension (‘having’ replaces
have/has/had and followed by extension)
Ø any kind of phrase
However, we can use the base/past/past participle form of the verb.
Thirdly, avoid writing subject. Fourthly, use lowercase at
the beginning of the sentence except for proper nouns. In this regard, a question pattern
can be followed. Fifthly, You must put the information in the boxes. So, you have to make five boxes. Finally, to preserve the flow, you must avoid the full
stop. After all full stop (.) stops the flow.
PRACTICE
Read the text below and make a flow chart narrating the gets-up of the girl in the picture.
I was ten years old. My grandmother sat on the string bed, under the mango tree. It was late summer and there were sunflowers in the garden and a warm wind in the trees. My grandmother was knitting a woolen scarf for the winter months. She was very old, dressed in a plain white sari: her eyes were not very strong now, but her fingers moved quickly with the needles, and the needles kept clicking all afternoon. Grandmother had white hair, but there were very few wrinkles on her skin.
I have come home after playing cricket on the maiden. I had taken my meal, and now I was rummaging in a box of old books and family heirlooms that had just that day been brought out of the attic by my mother. Nothing in the box interested me very much, except for a book with colorful pictures f birds and butterflies. I was going through the book, looking at the pictures, when I found a small photograph between the pages. It was a faded picture, a little yellow and foggy; it was a picture of a girl standing against a wall, and behind the wall, there was nothing but sky; but from the other side a pair of hands reached up, as though someone was going to climb the wall. Flowers were growing near the girl, but couldn't tell what they were; there was a creeper too, but it was just a creeper. I ran out into the garden. "Granny!" II shouted. "Look at the picture! I found it in the box of old things. Whose picture is it"?
I jumped on the bed beside my grandmother and she walloped me on the bottom and said, "Now I have lost count of my stitches, and the next time you do that I'll make you finish the scarf yourself." She took the photograph from my hand, and we both stared at it for quite a long time. The girl had long, loose hair, and she wore a long dress that nearly covered her ankles, and sleeves that reached her wrists, and there were a lot of bangles on her hands; but, despite all this drapery, the girl appeared to be full of freedom and movement; she stood with her legs apart and her hands on her hips, and she had a wide, almost devilish smile on her face.
Read the text above and make a flow chart narrating the gets-up of the girl in the picture.
1. Having long, loose hair 2. -----------------3.------------------4.--------------5.---------------------6
Your first task is to read the direction first. What is the direction? The direction is to narrate the gets up of the girl. Now your next task is to look at the kind of phrase given to you in the box. Yes, it is a gerundial phrase. So, you have to generate another five gerundial phrases in another five boxes. However, the rule is not fixed. You may generate your answer in other types of phrases if you can maintain the flow. But make sure that your answer is short or precise. Any kind of elaboration is prohibited. Your next task is to look at the passage to find out the information related to the gets up of the girl. Underline the information related to it. When you are ready with the information, your task is to make five phrases. In general, it is better to begin with the lower case but if the phrase in the first box starts with the upper case, you can follow that trend.
Having long, loose hair
⇓
Wearing a long dress
⇩
Wearing a lot of bangles
⇩
Appearing to be full of freedom and movement
⇓
Standing with her legs apart
⇩
Having a devilish smile on her face
Read the text below and apply the rules and techniques you have come to know so far showing some characteristics of etiquette and manners
PRACTICE
Read the text below and make a flow chart narrating the gets-up of the girl in the picture.
I was ten years old. My grandmother sat on the string bed, under the mango tree. It was late summer and there were sunflowers in the garden and a warm wind in the trees. My grandmother was knitting a woolen scarf for the winter months. She was very old, dressed in a plain white sari: her eyes were not very strong now, but her fingers moved quickly with the needles, and the needles kept clicking all afternoon. Grandmother had white hair, but there were very few wrinkles on her skin.
I have come home after playing cricket on the maiden. I had taken my meal, and now I was rummaging in a box of old books and family heirlooms that had just that day been brought out of the attic by my mother. Nothing in the box interested me very much, except for a book with colorful pictures f birds and butterflies. I was going through the book, looking at the pictures, when I found a small photograph between the pages. It was a faded picture, a little yellow and foggy; it was a picture of a girl standing against a wall, and behind the wall, there was nothing but sky; but from the other side a pair of hands reached up, as though someone was going to climb the wall. Flowers were growing near the girl, but couldn't tell what they were; there was a creeper too, but it was just a creeper. I ran out into the garden. "Granny!" II shouted. "Look at the picture! I found it in the box of old things. Whose picture is it"?
I jumped on the bed beside my grandmother and she walloped me on the bottom and said, "Now I have lost count of my stitches, and the next time you do that I'll make you finish the scarf yourself." She took the photograph from my hand, and we both stared at it for quite a long time. The girl had long, loose hair, and she wore a long dress that nearly covered her ankles, and sleeves that reached her wrists, and there were a lot of bangles on her hands; but, despite all this drapery, the girl appeared to be full of freedom and movement; she stood with her legs apart and her hands on her hips, and she had a wide, almost devilish smile on her face.
Read the text above and make a flow chart narrating the gets-up of the girl in the picture.
1. Having long, loose hair 2. -----------------3.------------------4.--------------5.---------------------6
Your first task is to read the direction first. What is the direction? The direction is to narrate the gets up of the girl. Now your next task is to look at the kind of phrase given to you in the box. Yes, it is a gerundial phrase. So, you have to generate another five gerundial phrases in another five boxes. However, the rule is not fixed. You may generate your answer in other types of phrases if you can maintain the flow. But make sure that your answer is short or precise. Any kind of elaboration is prohibited. Your next task is to look at the passage to find out the information related to the gets up of the girl. Underline the information related to it. When you are ready with the information, your task is to make five phrases. In general, it is better to begin with the lower case but if the phrase in the first box starts with the upper case, you can follow that trend.
Having long, loose hair
⇓
Wearing a long dress
⇩
Wearing a lot of bangles
⇩
Appearing to be full of freedom and movement
⇓
Standing with her legs apart
⇩
Having a devilish smile on her face
Read the text below and apply the rules and techniques you have come to know so far showing some characteristics of etiquette and manners
As a child, you must have been told to greet your elders and visitors to your home according to your culture and tradition. You must also have been taught to be polite in the company and keep quiet while others, especially your elders, spoke. Possibly, at times you even protested such disciplining. Now, certainly, you know that you can't always behave the way you want especially in the presence of others. there are rules of behavior you have to follow in a company. We are social beings and have to consider the effect of our behavior on others, even if we are at home and dealing with our family members.
We have two terms to describe our behavior--etiquette and manners.' 'Etiquette' is a French word and it means the rules of correct behavior in society. The word 'manners' means the behavior that is considered to be polite in a particular society or culture. Manners can be good or bad. For example, it is a bad manner to speak with food in one's mouth. No one likes a bad-mannered person. Remember that etiquette and manners vary from culture to culture and from society to society.
We learn etiquette and manners from our parents, families, and various institutions, such as schools, colleges, or professional bodies. There are rules of behavior for all kinds of social occasions and it is important to learn them and practice them in everyday life. The manners that are correct in a wedding reception will not do in a debating club. Therefore, We have to be careful about etiquette and manners. We know how important it is to say 'please' and 'thank you' in everyday life. A few more polite expressions such as 'pardon me,' 'excuse me, 'may I',' are bound to make your day smooth and pleasant.
1. Refraining from speaking with food in mouth 2. -----------3.-----------4.----------5.---------6----------
We have two terms to describe our behavior--etiquette and manners.' 'Etiquette' is a French word and it means the rules of correct behavior in society. The word 'manners' means the behavior that is considered to be polite in a particular society or culture. Manners can be good or bad. For example, it is a bad manner to speak with food in one's mouth. No one likes a bad-mannered person. Remember that etiquette and manners vary from culture to culture and from society to society.
We learn etiquette and manners from our parents, families, and various institutions, such as schools, colleges, or professional bodies. There are rules of behavior for all kinds of social occasions and it is important to learn them and practice them in everyday life. The manners that are correct in a wedding reception will not do in a debating club. Therefore, We have to be careful about etiquette and manners. We know how important it is to say 'please' and 'thank you' in everyday life. A few more polite expressions such as 'pardon me,' 'excuse me, 'may I',' are bound to make your day smooth and pleasant.
1. Refraining from speaking with food in mouth 2. -----------3.-----------4.----------5.---------6----------
Read:
ARUP ROY
WORKING AS A LECTURER,
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
AT A UNIVERSITY COLLEGE
FOUNDER AND DIRECTOR OF IELD
FORMER LECTURER OF STAMFORD COLLEGE
& DHAKA PUBLIC COLLEGE
WORKED AS A MEMBER SECRETARY
AT STAMFORD ENGLISH LANGUAGE CLUB UTTARA